Abstract: Taking a copper polymetallic mine in Chongyi County, Jiangxi Province as an example, this study analyzed the influence of mining activities on the surface water, groundwater and groundwater balance system. The qualitative and quantitative prediction was conducted respectively using the one-dimensional completely-mixed model and groundwater flow mode. The relevant measures to prevent groundwater balance system from being damaged are proposed, including production wastewater recycling, building water drainage ditches, dam pre-buried guide pipes, construction production wastewater set pool and strengthening the goaf management.