Abstract: On the basis of the modern theory of glacier and research progress of the Nantuo Formation tillite, this study summarized the sedimentary features of the two glacial periods and two interglacial periods in combination to the macroscopic stragtigraphic sequences and microscopic structures of the Nantuo Formation in Siduping of Hunan Province. The results show that the front margin of the tillite is an active zone of sedimentation characterized by gravitational debris flow and turbidity current. And the interglacial period was characteristic of deep and shallow water tractive current deposits. The sedimentation of the Nantuo Formation and change characteristic of paleoclimate and sea level suggest that the tillite of the Nantuo Formation was controlled by the paleoclimate and the big fluctuations of sea level resulted in various sedimentary types.