Abstract: Shoreline resources have important functions of production, life and ecological environment,and are valuable strategic resources for coastal cities. In the past 10 years, the shoreline resources along the Yangtze River have changed drastically, which profoundly reflects the transformation from exploitation to protection of the Yangtze River. Taking Nanjing section of the Yangtze River as a case, based on high-definition remote sensing images and field surveys, this paper studies the changes of the scale and structure of shoreline resource utilization from 2008 to 2018, constructs the type transfer matrix of shoreline resource utilization, and analyzes the driving factors of the changes of shoreline resources. The results show that the utilization scale of the shoreline resources in Nanjing section of the Yangtze River shows a slight increase trend, and the main sources of the transfer of utilization types are the port and natural shorelines, while the new types of shoreline are mainly the urban life and industrial production shorelines. In terms of specific sections, the life function of shoreline utilization in the central urban areas represented by Gulou District, Jianye District and Yuhuatai District is further strengthened but the production function is weakened. The requirements of intensive use of shoreline resources, the living demands of residents, ecological environmental protection and planning policies are the important influencing factors for the changes. This study provides a reference for the formulation of shoreline resource protection and utilization policy under the background of the Yangtze River protection strategy.