Abstract: This paper makes a theoretical analysis of spatial conflicts and discusses its concept, manifestations and main conflict types. Based on the evaluations of carrying capacities of resource and environment and the suitability of land space exploitation, by means of ArcGIS spatial overlay analysis technique, the spatial conflicts among ecological protection, agricultural production and urban construction in Fujian Province was empirically studied. The research results indicate a common phenomenon of spatial conflicts in the area, which include the conflicts between important areas of ecological protection and ecological conservation red lines-current cultivated land-current urban construction land, the unsuitable areas of agricultural production and current cultivated land, and the unsuitable areas of urban construction and current construction land. According to the resource and environmental endowment, this paper puts forward the conflict control strategies composed by the concepts of ecological priority, green development, food security, smart growth, balance of rights and human-earth harmony.