Abstract: In view of the increasingly prominent ecological geological problems in Jinjiang River Basin, it is urgent to strengthen the protection of ecological environment and carry out ecological environment vulnerability assessment, which can provide decision-making basis for ecological environment protection. The vulnerability assessment model of ecological environment system in Jinjiang River Basin is established. Using Getis-Ord GI* statistical model, Calinski-Harabasz index evaluation clustering model and other evaluation methods, vulnerability assessment is carried out from three aspects:vulnerability classification, main control factors and aggregation characteristics. The results show that in terms of vulnerability, Xixi is more vulnerable than Dongxi, and the upstream is more vulnerable than the downstream. In terms of main controlling factors, the main controlling factors of vulnerability in the southeast plain of Jinjiang River Basin are construction land, primary productivity and soil organic matter. The main controlling factor of vulnerability in Central and Western China is tea planting. In terms of aggregation characteristics, high vulnerability aggregation areas are Gande town of Anxi County and Huyang Town of Yongchun County. Based on the above analysis, the rationality of the current situation of tea plantation distribution in Jinjiang River Basin is evaluated, and specific suggestions for tea plantation spatial optimization are given.