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    下扬子地区无为凹陷三叠系气藏超压特征及其成因分析

    Overpressure characteristics and genesis of the Triassic gas reservoirs in Wuwei Depression of Lower Yangtze Region

    • 摘要: 下扬子复杂构造区的油气保存问题一直是地质勘探的难点,超压特征的发现为寻找有利保存单元提供了依据,对油气找矿突破具有重要意义。针对下扬子地区无为凹陷皖为页1井(WWY-1井)首次钻遇的三叠系周冲村组超压层,通过地质分析与理论计算相结合的方法,探讨区内三叠系气藏超压特征及成因。该区周冲村组岩性组合主要为白云岩+膏岩,盐间白云岩储层实测压力系数为1.8~1.9,单井压力系统呈"常压—超压"阶梯式结构特征;膏岩层的强封盖性是气藏超压形成的基础,膏岩脱水、高压烃类流体传递、储层烃类裂解及构造抬升是周冲村组气藏强超压形成的主要影响因素。依据不同成因超压特征及联系,进一步将周冲村组气藏超压演化过程划分为"常压-膏岩脱水弱超压-生烃流体传递超压形成-烃类裂解超压形成-抬升超压保存"5个阶段。下扬子地区三叠系气藏超压特征及形成过程的解剖,对其他同类地区油气的运移方式、富集程度和保存相态的研究具有一定的参考意义。

       

      Abstract: The geofluid preservation in the complex tectonic zone of the Lower Yangtze Region has always been a challenge for hydrocarbon exploration. However, the Triassic Zhouchongcun Formation overpressure stratum firstly discovered by WWY-1(Wanwei shale gas well drilling-1) in Wuwei Depression of Lower Yangtze Region provides a promising prospect for finding favorable preservation units of oil and gas in such complex areas. The overpressure characteristics and genesis of the Triassic gas reservoir in the region were investigated based on geological analysis and theoretical calculation. The lithology of the Zhouchongcun Formation in Wuwei Depression are dominated by dolomite and anhydrite rocks. The measured pressure coefficient of dolomite reservoir ranges from 1.8 to 1.9, with the pressure system of single well characterized with step-like structure of "normal pressure-overpressure". The strong sealing property and dehydration of anhydrite rocks, high-pressure hydrocarbon fluid transfer, hydrocarbon pyrolysis and tectonic uplifting are considered as the primary contributors to the formation of strong overpressure. The overpressure formation process of gas reservoir was revealed based on the overpressure characteristics and linkages of different geneses. The evolution of fluid pressure experienced five stages, i.e., normal pressure stage, overpressure stage with anhydrite dehydration and expansion, overpressure stage with hydrocarbon generation fluid transfer, overpressure stage with hydrocarbon pyrolysis expansion, and overpressure preservation stage with tectonic uplifting. The present study on the overpressure characteristics and formation process of the Triassic gas reservoirs in the complex tectonic zone of Lower Yangtze Region provides valuable insights into hydrocarbon migration mode, enrichment degree and preservation phase in other similar areas.

       

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