Abstract: Investigating regional active faults and the neotectonic framework is important for the exploration and utilization of natural resource, and geological disaster prevention. With multi-source remote sensing images, including Landsat 7 ETM+, Google Earth and ASTER GDEM, we established interpretation marks for main active faults in Northeast China, identified their basic properties, and obtained their distribution characteristics. By integrating topographic relief, geomorphological dislocation, drainage distribution and earthquake distribution, we analyzed the regularity of sub-active fault activity. Our findings indicate that NE—NNE trending faults exhibit progressively increasing activity from southwest to northeast, whereas NW—NWW trending faults display a gradual decrease in activity from northwest to southeast. Additionally, the southern segments of EW trending faults demonstrate higher activity compared to their northern counterparts. Based on the remote sensing interpretation and previous data, we finally established the neotectonic framework in Northeast China, which is mainly composed of Mesozoic inherited NE—NNE trending faults and Cenozoic juvenile generated NW—NWW trending active faults. The intersection of the NW—NWW and the NE—NNE trending active faults is an area prone to strong earthquakes. The purpose of this paper is to deeply understand the neotectonic evolution pattern formed during the neotectonic period in Northeast China, enhance the understanding on the relationship between the nature of active faults and deep dynamic mechanism, and provide a foundational basis for future detailed study of active fault systems.