Abstract: By reconstructing thermal history of target minerals, such as zircon, apatite, monazite, rutile, and hematite, low-temperature thermochronology provides crucial temperature-time constraints for revealing the thermal evolution of upper crustal geological bodies. It has been widely applied in both fundamental and applied research across numerous fields of Earth and planetary sciences. Building upon previous methodological introductions, we here systematically review the application examples and developmental prospects of low-temperature thermochronology in areas including orogenic belt evolution, cratonic modification, basin analysis, tectonic geomorphology, mineral deposit exhumation and preservation, hydrocarbon accumulation processes, and other potential directions. These applications not only promote the refinement of the methodology itself but also offer important quantitative foundations for deepening our understanding on planetary geological and geomorphological evolution.